The Polyvagal Theory

The Polyvagal Theory is a collection of proposed evolutionary, and psychological constructs related to the role of the vagus nerve in emotion regulation, social connection and fear response. PVI was introduced in 1994 by Dr. Stephen Porges. One of many brilliant mentors of our generation. As per his theory, the human nervous system similar to other mammals, did not evolve solely to survive in safe environments, but to also promote survival in dangerous and life threatening contexts. To accomplish this adaptive flexibility, the human nervous system retained two more primitive neural circuits regulating defensive strategies (i.e., fight/flight and freeze behaviors).

However there are other areas the theory has shed a light on, such as the vagal tone and vagal brake. The vagal brake, provides a neural mechanism to rapidly change visceral state by slowing or speeding heart rate, which what humans practice in meditation or yoga classes. As for the vagal tone, it’s a measure of cardiovascular function that facilitates adaptive responses to environmental challenge. Low vagal tone is associated with poor emotional or attentional regulation, and has been conceptualized as a marker of sensitivity to stress. It is important to note that social behavior, and social communication are incompatible with the neurophysiological states and behaviors. They are promoted by the two neural circuits that support defense strategies. Thus, via evolution, the human nervous system retains three neural circuits, which are in a phylogenetically organized hierarchy.

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